As President Bola Ahmed Tinubu approaches the second anniversary of his administration, attention is shifting toward the performance of his cabinet, a diverse team tasked with driving the nation’s ambitious reform agenda.
While some ministers have earned praise for decisive action and visible impact, others have struggled to meet public expectations or deliver tangible results in their respective ministries.
In this edition of the Pulse List, we spotlight five underperforming ministers whose track records, policies, or public perception have raised concerns about their effectiveness.
Their inclusion is based on a combination of public sentiment, media analysis, expert opinion, and policy outcomes, or the lack thereof, since their appointments.
1. Ayodele Olawande – Minister of Youth Development
Comrade Ayodele Olawande, Nigeria’s Minister of Youth Development, makes this list in what would be described as a slow and uninspiring performance nearly halfway into President Tinubu’s four-year term. Despite being one of the younger faces in the cabinet and a symbol of youth representation, Olawande’s ministry has struggled to deliver meaningful outcomes on key initiatives.
A prominent source of concern is the lack of transparent progress on the National Youth Congress, a flagship policy initiative meant to engage Nigerian youth in policy-making and civic development. President Tinubu inaugurated the committee for the congress in March 2025, placing its coordination squarely under Olawande’s ministry.
However, over two months later, no detailed framework or timeline has been publicly presented. The media and youth stakeholders remain in the dark about the congress’ structure, agenda, or implementation phases, raising questions about the minister’s engagement and strategic planning.
Similarly, the proposed National Youth Development Bank, whose technical committee was established in December 2024, has not gained significant traction. Intended to provide youth-focused financial services and enterprise support, the bank's progress has stalled without clear updates or consultation with relevant youth-led organisations.
Even the much-heralded Nigerian Youth Academy (NIYA)—launched on March 24, 2025, by President Tinubu to champion digital skills, entrepreneurship, and creative innovation—suffers from a lack of visibility.
While the initiative’s objectives are commendable, there is limited media coverage and public information available on its operational roadmap, partner institutions, and selection processes. The opacity surrounding NIYA’s execution casts doubt on the ministry’s coordination and follow-through.
Olawande has frequently cited nationwide tours to “listen to youth,” but many believe this consultative approach has not translated into meaningful or actionable policy shifts.
With only two years left in Tinubu’s tenure, critics argue that his pace of implementation is lethargic, and his rhetoric has yet to be matched by results.
On the NYSC front, another core area under his purview, persistent challenges remain unresolved. Corps members frequently complain about inadequate primary place of assignment (PPA) postings, often misaligned with their academic training, and chronic accommodation issues, particularly in urban centres like Lagos, Abuja, and Port Harcourt.
Despite repeated pledges to reform the NYSC, little progress has been made. Although a committee on NYSC reform was inaugurated on May 6, 2025, the major concern remains the potency, speed, and effectiveness of these initiatives before the end of his tenure.
While Ayodele Olawande’s youth-centric intentions may be sincere, his inability to communicate concrete progress, provide transparency, or implement reforms swiftly places him on a growing list of cabinet members facing criticism for underperformance.
2. Muhammad Badaru – Minister of Defence
Muhammad Badaru Abubakar's tenure as Nigeria's Minister of Defence has been marked by escalating insecurity across the country, particularly in the northeastern and northwestern regions.
Between January and May 2025, Nigeria witnessed a surge in violent attacks, raising serious concerns about the effectiveness of the nation's security apparatus under his leadership.
In the northeast, Boko Haram and its splinter group, the Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP), have intensified their activities. Reports indicate that these groups have adopted advanced tactics, including the use of armed drones and roadside explosives, leading to significant casualties among civilians and military personnel.
For instance, at least 48 people were killed in recent attacks across Adamawa and Borno states. Similarly, the northwest has experienced a resurgence of banditry. Dozens of people were reported killed in two suspected attacks by armed gangs in the region.
These incidents underscore the growing threat posed by non-state actors in the region. The deteriorating security situation has prompted civil society organisations to demand accountability. Groups such as the Ethics Vanguard have called for the immediate dismissal of Minister Badaru, citing gross incompetence and political opportunism. The North West Development Vanguard has also passed a vote of no confidence in his leadership.
Critics have also pointed to Badaru's lack of a military background as a potential hindrance to his effectiveness in the role. Prior to his political career, Badaru was a businessman, and his appointment as Defence Minister raised questions about his capability to manage the complex security landscape of Nigeria.
3. Bello Matawalle – Minister of State for Defence
Similarly, Bello Matawalle, Nigeria’s Minister of State for Defence and former Governor of Zamfara State, has been at the centre of intense scrutiny due to a series of corruption allegations and purported ties to banditry.
These controversies have raised serious concerns about his capacity to manage national security responsibilities effectively.
The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) has been investigating Matawalle over allegations of diverting ₦70 billion through phantom contracts during his tenure as governor. The EFCC stated that the funds were sourced as a loan from an old-generation bank for projects that were never executed.
Accusations of collusion with bandits have marred Matawalle's tenure as governor. Governor Dauda Lawal, his successor, alleged that Matawalle provided vehicles and shelter to bandit leaders, including notorious figures like Bello Turji. Lawal claimed that terrorists were given refuge in Zamfara’s Government House during Matawalle’s reign and that ransom payments were facilitated through the government.
These allegations are further supported by Islamic cleric Mallam Bello Asada, who accused Matawalle of supplying bandits with material support, including vehicles. Asada alleged that Matawalle purchased and distributed no fewer than 34 vehicles to bandit leaders like Turji, Halilu Subububu, and Ado Aleru.
The accumulation of these allegations has led to widespread public outcry. Civil society organisations, political groups, and concerned citizens have called for Matawalle's resignation to allow for an unhindered investigation.
The APC Akida Forum, in particular, has been vocal in demanding accountability, urging the EFCC to revisit and expedite its investigations into Matawalle's alleged misconduct.
Security experts have expressed alarm over Matawalle's continued role in the defence ministry amidst these serious allegations. Dr. Walid Abdullahi, a security expert, described the situation as a catastrophic breach of trust, emphasising the detrimental impact on Nigeria's fight against terrorism and the importance of integrity in public office.
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